皮肤表皮干细胞的研究进展

成体的皮肤一生都在不断的自我更新，其中的毛囊还是保证毛发进行生长-脱落周期循环的细胞组织学基础。存在于表皮内的干细胞维持了成体皮肤的自我平衡及毛发再生。表皮是由构体分子组成。每个构体分子包含毛皮脂单位（毛囊和皮脂腺）及其周围的毛囊间表皮。毛囊间表皮具有祖细胞，损伤时能自我更新；毛囊具有多能干细胞，在新毛发周期开始或者损伤时能够启动干细胞功能，为毛囊的生长或表皮的修复提供细胞来源。本文概述了当前对表皮干细胞的认识，着重阐明毛囊间表皮内有祖细胞的证据，毛囊间表皮干细胞在体外的自我更新能力，毛囊膨突部内干细胞的特征和一些相关基因的表达等。

Epidermal stem cells in the skin

Adult＇s skin constantly self-renewes during the life, hair-follicle guarantees the hair carries on the cycle of growth-degeneration.The stem cells existing in the epidermis maintain the adult skin follicle regeneration and skin homeostasis. Adult＇s epidermis is make up of molecular building blocks, each of which consists of interfollicular epidermis, hair-follicle and sebaceous gland. The interfollicular epidermis itself has progenitor cells, which renew when injure occurs, and hair-follicle has the multipotent cells, when the new hair cycle starts or injure occurs which can activate the stem cells, provide cells for the halt-follicle regeneration and the epidermis repair. This article summarized the current understanding of the epidermis stem cells, including the evidence of the interfollicular epidermis containing progenitor cells, and the cells self-renewal in vitro, the characteristic and some gene expression of hair-follicle bulge stem cells.