甘蓝型油菜矮秆突变材料99CDAM的发现及遗传分析

随着杂种优势的利用，油菜株高增加了20cm以上，导致油菜生长后期倒伏的风险加大。通过利用特殊矮秆基因来控制株高将是解决倒伏问题的有效方法。在甘蓝型油菜自交多代品系中发现了一个株高85cm左右的矮秆突变株99CDAM，该突变株具有开花早、分枝多等优良特性，产量性状和品质性状较好，各性状都能稳定遗传，具有重要的育种价值。对99CDAM和高秆品系2091、7045和7350的正反交F1以及99CDAM和2091的F2、BC1及F2:3代的遗传分析结果表明： 99CDAM的矮秆性状受3对隐性基因控制，存在母体细胞质效应，与以往的甘蓝型矮秆油菜有明显的区别。

The Discovery and Genetic Analysis of Dwarf Mutation 99CDAM in Brassica napus L.

The plant height of rapeseed varieties has increased more than 20 cm due to wide application of heterosis, which leads to high risk of lodging at late stages of rapeseed development. Using dwarf genes to decrease plant height is an effective approach to resolve the lodging problem. A dwarf mutation 99CDAM with plant height of about 85cm was discovered from a Brassica napus line which had selfed for many years. The mutation 99CDAM has good characters of early flowering and rich branches, as well as better yield and quality traits, which can be stably inherited, so 99CDAM has important value in Brassica napus breeding. Genetic analysis on reciprocal crosses between 99CDAM with highstalk lines 2091, 7045 and 7350, and the F2, BC, and F2,3 populations derived from the cross between 2091 with 99CDAM indicated that the genetic model of dwarf genes in 99CDAM was obviously different from what had been reported before. The mutation 99CDAM was controlled by three pairs of recessive dwarf genes and showed a maternal effect.