The complete mitochondrial genome of the endangered Apollo butterfly,Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and its comparison to other Papilionidae species |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, PR China;2. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China;3. College of Forestry, Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College, Ganzhou, PR China;1. Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea;2. Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, Milyang 627-803, Republic of Korea;4. Greenagrotech, Kyeongsan 712-825, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | The Apollo butterfly, Parnassius apollo is a representative species of the butterfly subfamily Parnassiinae. This charming species is one of the most endangered butterfly species in the world. In this study, we sequenced its complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome), with the aim of accumulating genetic information for further studies of population genetics and mitogenome evolution in the Papilionidae. The 15,404-bp long mitogenome harbors a typical set of 37 genes and is the largest butterfly mitogenome determined, except for Papilio maraho (16,094 bp). Like many other sequenced lepidopteran species, one tRNATrp-like and one tRNALeu(UUR)-like sequences were detected in the AT-rich region. A total of 164 bp of non-coding sequences are dispersed in 14 regions throughout the genome. The longest intergenic spacer (68 bp) is located between tRNASer(AGN) and tRNAGlu, and is the largest spacer at this location among Papilionidae species. This spacer may have resulted from an 8-fold repetition of a TTTCTTCT motif or a 4-fold repetition of a CTTTATTT motif. |
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