Intra-annual wood anatomical features of high-elevation conifers in the Great Basin,USA |
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| Affiliation: | 1. DendroLab, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;2. Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01366, USA;3. Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Canada;1. Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic;2. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 1176, 165 21 Prague 6 – Suchdol, Czech Republic;3. Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štúrova 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic;4. National Forest Centre, T. G. Masaryka 22, 960 92 Zvolen, Slovak Republic;1. University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Wood Science & Technology, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Milko Kos Historical Institute, Novi trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Resources, UFT Tulln, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria;4. University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. Montane Forest Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Geology and Geography, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA;2. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;3. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science, Department of Geography, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;4. Bryce Canyon National Park, Highway 63, Bryce Canyon, UT 84764, USA;5. Valles Caldera National Preserve, 90 Villa Louis Martin, Box 359, Jemez Springs, NM 87025, USA;6. Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;7. Department of Geography, University of Northern Colorado, Candelaria Hall 2096, Greeley, CO 80639, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical and Chemical Research of China Meteorological Administration, Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China;2. Xinjiang Laboratory of Tree-ring Ecology, Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China;3. MOE Key Laboratory of Western China''s Environmental Systems, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Arid Environments and Climate Change, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73000, China;1. Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation;2. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation;3. Tuva State University, 667000 Kyzyl, Republic of Tuva, Russian Federation;4. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Mountain conifers in the Great Basin of North America have provided some of the longest, continuous, and annually resolved paleoclimate records. Climate-growth relationships at the cellular level, which help understand wood formation processes that underlie dendroclimatic reconstructions, are at present largely unexplored in the Great Basin. We analyzed 42 trees located in the Snake Range (eastern Nevada, USA) at three sites along an elevation gradient. Sampled species included white fir (Abies concolor), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), limber pine (Pinus flexilis), bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva), and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii). Wood anatomical features were quantified for two consecutive years, 2011 and 2012. Lumen area, cell wall thickness, lumen diameter, and wall-to-cell ratio were measured for the total ring as well as for earlywood and latewood. Mean standardized tracheidograms highlighted differences between 2011 and 2012, in particular concerning lumen area and wall-to-cell ratio. Most annual variation was due to earlywood, rather than latewood. Anatomical parameters of limber pine, the only species that could be tested at both the montane and subalpine sites, varied with elevation. Principal component analysis showed that the main axis of variability was related to dimensional parameters (e.g. lumen area), which reflected differences in water availability. |
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| Keywords: | Subalpine vegetation Bristlecone pine Limber pine Tracheidograms Wood anatomy Elevation gradient |
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