Effects of plant-growth-promoting microorganisms and fertilizers on growth of cabbage and tomato and Spodoptera litura performance |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan;2. Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan;1. National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, Research Center for Sustainable Development, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China;2. Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhuadong Road, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China;3. Shandong Labor Vocational and Technical College, No.800 Haitang Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China |
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| Abstract: | Fertilizer and plant-growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) both benefit crop growth; however, little is known about the interaction effects when they are combined. This study assessed the effect of PGPMs and fertilizer on plant growth, foliar chemistry, and subsequent insect feeding. Cabbage and tomato plants were inoculated with PGPMs (fungi and bacteria) and various levels of fertilization. Plant growth parameters (fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area) and foliar chemistry (water content, protein content, and polyphenol oxidase activity) were then analyzed. In addition, foliage was also fed to the third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura to evaluate foliage quality. The results indicated that plant performance differed significantly among treatments, and the combined fungi Meyerozyma guilliermondii and fertilizer treatment promoted the greatest plant growth. In summary, PGPMs and fertilization can have their own effect; their interaction effect, however, need to be clarified. |
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