转基因油菜的基因流及生态风险

综合评述了转基因油菜的基因流及其生态风险.油菜作为最早的转基因作物之一目前已在加拿大和澳大利亚大面积商业化应用.(常)异花授粉作物油菜的天然异交率可达30%左右,也易与其它芸苔属作物杂交,因此转基因油菜的生态风险已引起各国科学家的高度重视.转基因油菜主要通过与其野生近缘种的花粉交换和与非转基因油菜的花粉交换两种方式进行花粉的输出.基因可能逃逸到相关野生近缘种,但在大田环境下能够得到杂种的可能性很小;由于基因的漂流在油菜田块间确实存在,因此在种植转基因油菜的过程中必须考虑其间隔距离.

Gene flow and its ecological risks of transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Transgenic oilseed rape Brassica napus,one of the first genetically modified crops,has now been released to commercial use in Canada and Australia.As a cross-pollinating crop,its natural crossing rate is 30%,and it is liable to cross with other Brassica species.The ecological risk of transgenic oilseed rape has been concerned by the scientists all over the world.There are two ways for the pollens flow of transgenic oilseed rape,one takes place between transgenic oilseed rape and other related wild species,and the other occurs between transgenic and non-transgenic oilseed rape.The gene may flow to other related wild species,but it is unlikely to get hybrids in field.Because the gene can really flow to the conventional oilseed rape,it is necessary to have a sufficient isolation distance in cultivating transgenic oilseed rape.