城市植物挥发性有机化合物排放与臭氧相互作用及其机制

近地面臭氧(O₃)已成为继PM_2.5后影响我国空气质量的一种重要二次污染物。随着氮氧化物浓度的持续下降和气候变暖的加剧，城市O₃的形成对挥发性有机化合物的浓度更加敏感。近年来城市绿色空间显著增长，植物源挥发性有机化合物(BVOCs)排放和浓度逐年增加。针对BVOCs与近地面O₃之间复杂的交互作用，从植物BVOCs的特性与作用出发，综述了不同因素尤其是O₃浓度增加对树木生理状态及BVOCs排放速率的影响，定量分析了已有研究中O₃对不同植物异戊二烯和单萜烯排放速率的影响，以及BVOCs对O₃形成的贡献，总结了BVOCs与O₃相互作用研究领域存在的不足。未来亟需加强的研究包括：(1)城市树种BVOCs排放因子的实测，建立物种的排放速率数据库，优化模型参数，提升精细尺度BVOCs排放量估算模型精度；(2)多种环境因子，比如污染物浓度、温湿度等对城市植物BVOCs排放的交互作用和综合影响的研究；(3)植物BVOCs对O

The interactions and mechanisms between biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions and ozone concentrations in urban areas: A review

In China, surface ozone (O₃) has become a major secondary pollutant as the fine particulate pollution problem was largely addressed. As nitrogen oxide concentrations continue to decline and climate warming intensifies, urban ozone formation becomes more sensitive to VOC emissions. With the continuous increase of urban green space in recent years, the emissions of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) have also increased, and thus played an increased role in ozone formation. This paper presented a comprehensive review of the interactions and mechanisms between BVOCs emissions and ozone concentrations in urban areas. We first reviewed the current states and trends in the response of plant physiological state and BVOCs emission rate to environmental stress, especially the elevated O₃ concentration, with a particular emphasis on previous studies that focused on the effects of O₃ on isoprene and monoterpene emission rates of various plans. We then summarized the role of BVOCs plays in O₃ formation. Based on the review of the existing studies, we found a few knowledge gaps and identified several priorities for future research:(1) studies on quantifying the BVOCs emission rate of different urban tree species to build a more comprehensive database for BVOCs emission rate that can be used to optimize the parameters of BVOCs emissions models, and thereby to improve the precision of the fine-scale BVOCs emission estimation; (2) Exploring the interaction and comprehensive influence of various environmental factors on BVOCs emissions from urban plants, such as pollutant concentration, temperature, and humidity; (3) Quantifying the contribution of plant BVOCs to O₃ formation and its effect on plant resistance to air pollution, which aims to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the selection of tree species for urban greening and the reduction of urban O₃ pollution.