Use of secondary ion mass spectrometry to image44calcium uptake in the cell walls of apple fruit |
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| Authors: | S Roy G Gillen W S Conway A E Watada W P Wergin |
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| Institution: | (1) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Horticultural Crops Quality Laboratory, ARS, BARC-West, Bldg. 002, 20705 Beltsville, MD, USA;(2) U.S. Department ofAgriculture, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland;(3) Surface and Microanalysis Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland |
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| Abstract: | Summary Calcium, an important agent in regulating cell wall autolysis during fruit ripening, interacts with pectic acid polymers to form cross-bridges that influence cell separation. In the present study, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to determine whether the cell walls of apple fruit were able to take up exogenously applied44Ca, which was infiltrated into mature fruit. SIMS, which has the ability to discriminate between isotopes, allowed localization of the exogenously applied44Ca and the native40Ca. The results indicated that the total amount of calcium present in the cell walls was enriched with44Ca and that heterogeneity of44Ca distribution occurred in the pericarp. Isotope ratio images showed microdomains in the cell wall, particularly in the middle lamella intersects that oppose the intercellular spaces. These domains may be the key areas that control cell separation. These data suggest that exogenously applied calcium may influence cell wall autolysis.Abbreviations SIMS
secondary ion mass spectrometry |
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| Keywords: | Autolysis Secondary ion mass spectrometry Ripening44Calcium Cell separation Intercellular space |
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