The role of macrophage subpopulations in autoimmune disease of the central nervous system |
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Authors: | Jan Bauer Sigrid R Ruuls Ingeborg Huitinga and Christine D Dijkstra |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(2) Present address: Neurological Institute, Schwarzspanierstra?e 17, A-1090 Wien, Austria |
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Abstract: | Summary In this review the role of various subpopulations of macrophages in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyetitis
is discussed. Immunohistochemistry with macrophage markers shows that in this disease different populations of macrophages
(i.e. perivascular cells, microglia and infiltrating blood-borne macrophages) are present in the central nervous system. These
subpopulations partially overlap in some functional activity while other activities seem to be restricted to a distinct subpopulation,
indicating that these subpopulations have different roles in the pathogenesis of encephalomyelitis. The studies discussed
in this review reveal that immunocytochemical and morphological studies, combined with new techniques such asin situ nick translation and experimental approaches like the use of bone marrow chimeras and macrophage depletion techniques, give
valuable information about the types and functions of cells involved in central nervous system inflammation. The review is
divided in three parts. In the first part the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model is introduced. The second part
gives an overview of the origin, morphology and functions of the various subpopulations. In the third part the role of these
subpopulations is discussed in relation to the various stages (i.e. preclinical, clinical and recovery) of the experimental
disease. |
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