An integrative multidisciplinary approach to understanding cryptic divergence in Brazilian species of the Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera: Tephritidae) |
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Authors: | Vanessa S. Dias Janisete G. Silva Katia M. Lima Clarissa S. C. D. Petitinga Vicente Hernández‐Ortiz Raúl A. Laumann Beatriz J. Paranhos Keiko Uramoto Roberto A. Zucchi Iara S. Joachim‐Bravo |
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Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil;2. Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;3. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, UESC, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil;4. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Red de Interacciones Multitróficas. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, Veracruz, México;5. Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil;6. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA‐Semiárido), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil;7. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba, S?o Paulo, Brazil |
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Abstract: | An integrative multidisciplinary approach was used to delimit boundaries among cryptic species within the Anastrepha fraterculus complex in Brazil. Sexual compatibility, courtship and sexual acoustic behaviour, female morphometric variability, variation for the mitochondrial gene COI, and the presence of Wolbachia were compared among A. fraterculus populations from the Southern (Vacaria, Pelotas, Bento Gonçalves, São Joaquim) and Southeastern (Piracicaba) regions of Brazil. Our results suggest full mating compatibility among A. fraterculus populations from the Southern region and partial pre‐zygotic reproductive isolation of these populations when compared with the population from the Southeastern region. A. fraterculus populations from both regions differed in the frequency of courtship displays and aspects of the calling phase and mounting acoustic signal. Morphometric analysis showed differences between Southern region and Southeastern region samples. All populations analyzed were infected with Wolbachia. The trees generated from the COI sequencing data are broadly congruent with the behavioural and morphometric data with the exception of one Southern population. The likely mechanisms by which A. fraterculus populations might have diverged are discussed in detail based on behavioural, morphometric, molecular genetics, and biogeographical studies. |
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Keywords: | cryptic species molecular genetics morphometrics pre‐zygotic reproductive isolation sexual behaviour sexual selection speciation taxonomy |
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