Role of synaptic proteins in neurotransmitter release-related vesicular trafficking |
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Authors: | E. A. Lukyanetz |
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Affiliation: | (1) Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;(2) International Center for Molecular Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine |
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Abstract: | As is known, regulated exocytosis of synaptic vesicles constitutes a primary means of communication between neurons, and it is subjected to substantial alterations in a number of brain pathologies. Recent investigations showed that vesicular transport events in neuroendocrine cells and presynaptic terminals are realized by a family of specialized membrane proteins of the vesicle (v-SNAREs) and another family located in the target cytoplasmic membrane (t-SNAREs). A variety of such proteins has already been described in different preparations; however, their precise localization and role in vesicular trafficking during functional changes in the cells remain ambiguous. In addition, new synaptic proteins appear to be involved in the vesicular cycle; the functions of these proteins remain unclear. The role of synaptic proteins in the course of cell excitation, in particular functions of core SNARE synaptic proteins (vesicular synaptobrevin/VAMPs and plasma membrane syntaxins/SNAP-25), as well as those of novel presynaptic proteins (Munc-13, Munc-18, CAPS proteins, and others), are discussed in this review. Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 155–159, March–April, 2008. |
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Keywords: | exocytosis calcium calcium channels neurotransmitters synaptic proteins vesicles |
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