不同人工代花粉对蜂群群势和生产性能的影响

早春将群势、蜂王年龄和质量基本一致的25群意大利蜜蜂Apis melliferaL.,随机分为5个处理,分别饲喂纯花粉和4种不同的人工代用花粉,观测它们对蜂群群势和生产性能的影响。结果表明,含有添加剂的各代用花粉组与纯花粉组的蜂群的蜂子数量差异均不显著,但均显著高于纯豆粕组(P<0.01);各组产蜜量随着纯花粉所占比例的减少而呈现递减的趋势,但饲喂含有60%花粉+40%豆粕+添加剂1组与纯花粉组没有明显的差异;含有添加剂的各代用花粉组的王台接受率均显著高于纯花粉组(P<0.01);饲喂含有添加剂的各代用花粉组与饲喂纯花粉组相比,王浆产量及蜂王浆中的10-HDA、水分、蛋白质的含量及酸度均没有差异。

Influence of different pollen substitutes on the honey bee population and colony performance

In order to observe the effect of different pollen substitutes on honey bee colony performance 25 Apis mellifera L.colonies of equal size,queen quality and age,were randomly divided into 5 groups.One group was fed pure pollen and the other four were fed one of four experimental diets containing different amounts of pollen.The results indicate that colonies fed on 3 of the experimental diets produced broods of similar quality to those fed pure pollen.However,the brood quality of colonies that were fed pure soybean powder was significantly poorer than those of the other treatment groups（P 0.01）.Honey production generally decreased with decreasing pollen content in the diet,however,honey production in colonies fed sixty percent pollen,forty percent soybean power and some additives was not significantly different from that of colonies fed pure pollen.Compared to the pure pollen group,colonies fed pollen substitutes containing additives had higher rates of acceptance of queen cells（P 0.01）.There was no obvious difference in the protein,10-HDA,moisture content and acidity of the royal jelly produced by colonies fed pure pollen and those fed experimental diets containing additives.