Bryophyte and vascular plant responses to base-richness and water level gradients in Western Carpathian<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sphagnum</Emphasis>-rich mires |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Petra?HájkováEmail author Michal?Hájek |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Botany, Faculty of Science,Masaryk University,Brno,Czech Republic;2.Department of Ecology, Institute of Botany,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Brno,Czech Republic |
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Abstract: | We investigated the importance of water chemistry and water regime for vascular plant and bryophyte species distribution in
Western Carpathian mires dominated bySphagnum. Seventy-seven small circle plots distributed across a wide geographical area, a wide range of mineral richness and all possible
microtopographical features were sampled in terms of species composition, physical-chemical water properties and water regime
during one growing season. Both water chemistry and water regime were found to be important factors for vegetation composition.
Bryophytes reflected only one clear gradient, connected to base-richness (pH, conductivity) and maximal water-level, whereas
three different environmental gradients determined the occurrence of vascular plants: water-level amplitude, base-richness
and an indistinct gradient presumably connected to peat layer thickness. When the entire data set was subjected to DCA ordination,
the first resulting axis was governed by the bryophyte subset, whereas the second one was governed by the vascular plant subset.
The species density of vascular plants was positively correlated with pH and conductivity. On the contrary, bryophyte species
density showed no relationship to environmental factors. We further compared the pH values measured in groundwater and in
water squeezed from bryophytes from the same plot; these plots were distributed along the base-richness gradient. Only in
the acidic mires did the use of squeezed-water chemistry in the analyses give results similar to the use of groundwater pH.
Further, we found thatSphagnum species with a similar response to the base-richness gradient had differentiated niches with respect to the water level gradient
and vice versa.Sphagnum contortum andS. warnstorfii exhibiting the same demands for groundwater pH were segregated along the gradient of maximum water level. An analogous pattern
was detected for acidophilous speciesSphagnum magellanicum andS. papillosum. |
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