嵩草属植物硅酸体系统的研究

对国产狭义嵩草属 (K obresia,Cyperaceae) 3个组 2 7种植物进行了硅酸体系统分析研究 ,同时结合近缘的苔草属 (Carex) 2个组的植物硅酸体特征 ,深入探讨了植物硅酸体系统分析研究在莎草科苔草族 (Cariceae)中的系统分类学意义。认为 :(1 )嵩草属及其临近类群在属间、种间及种下水平的系统分类学比较研究都可以借助植物硅酸体系统研究的证据。 (2 )穗状嵩草组 (sect. Elyna)的硅酸体系统特征具有较高的一致性 ,除矮嵩草 (K.humilis)及其近缘种同其他穗状嵩草组的种类有所不同 ,它很可能有一个不同于穗状嵩草组其他类群的嵩草组(sect. K obresia)的亲缘。 (3 )从植物硅酸体系统特征的研究来看 ,拟苔草组 (sect. H emicarex)的一些种接近于穗状嵩草组 ,如高山嵩草 (K . pygmeae) ;而另一些种接近于嵩草组 ,如禾叶嵩草 (K . graminifolia) ;也有一些种类的硅酸体系统特征更接近苔草属 ,说明这个组很可能是多源的 ,即本组的单一花穗和果囊形态特征由不同类群的复合花序种类趋同演化而出。(4 )嵩草组的硅酸体系统特征具有较高的一致性 ,说明嵩草属原始类群在硅酸体系统特征方面与外部形态特征演化的某些相关性。

Studies on phytolith system of Kobresia(Cyperaceae)

The phytolith system characters of 27 Chinese species of Kobresia(Cyperaceae)from 3 sections are dealed with in this paper. Based on phytolith system analysis data,the author concludes that:(1)The characters of phytolith system are significant on classification of the genus Kobresia below and among genus levels. (2)Almost all species of sect. Elyna except for Kobresia humilis and its related taxa are uniform for characters of phytolith system. These probably implies that Kobresia humilis and its related species have a phytogenetic line differing from other species of this section. (3)Based on data of phytolith system,some species of sect. Hemicarex,for instance Kobresia pygmeae,are related to sect. Elyna;and some species such as Kobresia graminifolia are related to sect. Kobresia;otherwise some species related to the genus Carex,for example,Kobresia prainii. These will suppose that this section is artificial group or something like that. (4)The phytolith system characters of sect. Kobresia are somewhat uniform,this probably implies that some relationships between phytolith system and morphological characters in this supposed ancestral section in the genus Kobresia.