Stress amplifications in dental non-carious cervical lesions |
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Authors: | Jackeline Coutinho Guimarã es,Gabriela Guimarã es Soella,Letí cia Brandã o Durand,Franç oà Horn,Luiz Narciso Baratieri,Sylvio Monteiro Jr.,Renan Belli |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil;2. Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil;3. Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil;4. Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil;5. Laboratory for Biomaterials Research, Dental Clinic 1, Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Friederich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glueckstraße 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany |
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Abstract: | This study aims to investigate the influence of the presence, shape and depth of NCCLs on the mechanical response of a maxillary second premolar subjected to functional and non-functional occlusal loadings using 3-D finite element (FE) analysis. A three-dimensional model of a maxillary second premolar and its supporting bone was constructed based on the contours of their cross-sections. From the sound model, cervical defects having either V- or U-shapes, as found clinically, were subtracted in three different depths. The models were loaded with 105 N to simulate normal chewing forces according to a functional occlusal loading (F1) vertically applied and two non-functional loadings (F2 and F3) obliquely oriented. Two alveolar bone crest heights were tested. Ansys™ FE software was used to compute stress distributions and maximum principal stress for each of the models. The presence of a lesion had no effect on the overall stress distribution of the system, but affected local stress concentrations. Non-functional loadings exhibited tensile stresses concentrating at the cervical areas and root surfaces, while the functional loading resulted in homogeneous stress distributions within the tooth. V-shaped lesions showed higher stress levels concentrated at the zenith of the lesion, whereas in U-shaped defect stresses concentrated over a wider area. As the lesions advanced in depth, the stress was amplified at their deepest part. A trend of stress amplification was observed with decreasing bone height. These results suggest a non-linear lesion progression with time, with the progression rate increasing with patient's age (deeper lesions and lower bone support). |
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Keywords: | Non-carious cervical lesions Finite element analysis U-shaped lesions V-shaped lesions Tooth deflection |
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