运用致病毒素筛选抗稻瘟病细胞突变体

本文研究报道了抗稻瘟病细胞突变体筛选方法、程序与结果,并对有关问题进行了讨论。毒素对水稻成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导与分化有明显的抑制作用,抑制程度随毒素浓度提高和处理时间延长而加强,但抗感品种之间差异显著。以含毒素的诱导培养基或诱导与分化培养基均含毒素的筛选处理效果较好,而且简便易行。5年来接种筛选了29个品种25000多个外植体,在已鉴定的349个R_1个体中,有183株表现抗病。经多次接种鉴定与选择,已获得12个高抗稻瘟病的株系和1个抗病丰产品系,并对部分抗病突变体的抗性基因进行了遗传分析。

Studies of the Screening of Rice Blast-resistant Mutant Using Phytotoxin*

In this paper, we studied the screening method, procedure and results of rice somatic mutants with resistance to Pyricularia oryzae Cav using phytotoxin. The phytotoxin can evidently inhibit callus formation of rice from mature embryo cultured in vitro. As phytotoxin concentration increased and treatment time prolonged, the level of inhibiting embryos producing calli and calli producing green plants has a tendency of increase. Difference between blast-resistant and blast-susceptible varieties was significant. Selection results showed that the induction medium containing phytoxin and the induction and the differentiation media containing phytotoxin wee better than that of other treatments. Among 349 somaclones in Ri 183 blast-resistant plants were obtained from 25000 expiants in 1985-1989. 12 blast-resistant lines and 1 blast-resistant line with high yield were selected. Moreover, genetic analysis of 4 somaclonal mutants was carried out for their blast resistance.