蒙新区子午沙鼠种群的遗传多样性和遗传结构

为了探讨蒙新干旱区景观和环境因素对子午沙鼠种群遗传结构的影响,我们利用8 个多态性的微卫星位点,对子午沙鼠14 个局域种群的160 个个体进行了种群遗传多样性和遗传结构的分析。微卫星结果显示种群具有高的遗传多样性,微卫星位点的等位基因数(A)为22. 50 ±3.02 (19 ～ 28),多态信息含量(PIC)为0.912 ±0. 02 (0.872 ～ 0. 929);种群观测杂合度(HO )为0.68 ± 0. 19 (0. 52 ～0.85),期望杂合度(HE )为0.79 ± 0. 08(0. 71 ～ 0.85)。分子变异分析(AMOVA)结果显示,所得到的3 个组之间已发生显著的遗传分化(P < 0. 001)。
Mantel 检测结果表明,子午沙鼠种群遗传结构与地理距离无显著的相关性(P = 0.270 0),而在多元线性模型中,蒙新干旱区的海拔高度是影响种群遗传结构的关键因素。

Genetic diversity and genetic structure of the mid-day gerbil population in Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau

To understand the impact of landscape and environmental factors on the population structures of the mid-day gerbil(Meriones meridianus) in Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau,we analyzed eight microsatellite loci for a total of 160 individuals from 14 regions.The results showed that there was a high level of genetic diversity in the population for the number of alleles per locus(A) 22.50 ± 3.02(19 to 28),and polymorphic loci(PIC) 0.912 ± 0.02(0.872 to 0.929).The observed heterozygosity(HO) was 0.68 ± 0.19(0.52 to 0.85),and the expected heterozygosity(HE) was 0.79 ± 0.08(0.71 to 0.85).The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) suggested that the gerbils were divided into three discrete groups(P < 0.001).The result of Mantel test showed that there were no significant correlations between genetic distance and geographic distance(P = 0.270 0).But,in the distance-based multivariate analysis for a linear model(DISTLM), altitude plays a key role in increasing genetic structure of the gerbil population in the plateau.