药用植物博落回形态与发育解剖学研究

博落回(Macleaya cordata)是罂粟科含有异喹啉生物碱的主要药用植物, 其生物碱提取物具有多种药理活性。目前对博落回的研究主要集中在生物碱的成分、活性和药理等方面, 对与其合成、运输、储藏密切相关的发育解剖结构及生物碱组织化学定位研究还未见报道。该文报道了温室中生长的博落回植株形态特征, 并结合徒手切片和改良碘化铋钾沉淀的方法对主要器官(根、茎、叶)的发育结构和生物碱组织化学染色进行了初步分析。结果表明, 博落回发育基本遵循一般双子叶植物的规律。根中生物碱出现在中柱鞘外的薄壁细胞和导管周围。茎和叶柄中的生物碱主要出现在维管束周围, 偶尔也出现在茎的髓细胞中。总体上, 茎中的生物碱积累量少于根。

Morphology and Developmental Anatomy of Medicinal Plant Macleaya cordata

Macleaya cordata, in the Papaveraceae family, is a common medicinal plant used for benzylisoquinoline alkaloids and other alkaloids. Current research into M. cordata has focused on the composition, bioactivity and pharmacology of alkaloids. The anatomical structure of M. cordata organs and histochemical localization of alkaloids, closely related to alkaloid synthesis, transport and storage, have not been reported. Here we show the morphologic characters of greenhouse-grown M. cordata plants and developmental anatomic structure of main vegetative organs by hand sectioning and the histochemical localization of alkaloids in roots, stems and leaves by Dragendorff reagent. M. cordata is a typical dicotyledonous plant. Abundant alkaloid accumulation occurred in parenchymal cells and cells around the vessels of stele of roots, cells near the vascular bundles of stems and petioles, and occasionally in the pith of stems. Overall, the amount of alkaloids in roots is higher than that in stems.