The protein kinase TOUSLED facilitates RNAi in Arabidopsis |
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Authors: | Mohammad Nazim Uddin Patrice Dunoyer Gregory Schott Salina Akhter Chunlin Shi William J Lucas Olivier Voinnet Jae-Yean Kim |
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Institution: | 1.Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+/WCU program), PMBBRC, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea;2.Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, UPR2357, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, France;3.Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.;4.Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | RNA silencing is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism triggered by double-stranded RNA that is processed into 21- to 24-nt small interfering (si)RNA or micro (mi)RNA by RNaseIII-like enzymes called Dicers. Gene regulations by RNA silencing have fundamental implications in a large number of biological processes that include antiviral defense, maintenance of genome integrity and the orchestration of cell fates. Although most generic or core components of the various plant small RNA pathways have been likely identified over the past 15 years, factors involved in RNAi regulation through post-translational modifications are just starting to emerge, mostly through forward genetic studies. A genetic screen designed to identify factors required for RNAi in Arabidopsis identified the serine/threonine protein kinase, TOUSLED (TSL). Mutations in TSL affect exogenous and virus-derived siRNA activity in a manner dependent upon its kinase activity. By contrast, despite their pleiotropic developmental phenotype, tsl mutants show no defect in biogenesis or activity of miRNA or endogenous trans-acting siRNA. These data suggest a possible role for TSL phosphorylation in the specific regulation of exogenous and antiviral RNA silencing in Arabidopsis and identify TSL as an intrinsic regulator of RNA interference. |
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