不同品种(系)榛子坚果表型性状差异性分析及其综合评价

该研究以目前主栽的平榛、毛榛及25个平欧杂种榛品种(系)的坚果为研究对象，测定了不同品种(系)榛子坚果的17个表型性状指标，用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析方法对其进行差异性分析和综合评价，为国内榛树品种(系)的选优、开发及加工利用提供科学依据。结果表明：(1)不同品种(系)榛子坚果的17个表型性状指标存在显著差异，其中果壳质量、坚果体积和坚果质量差异最为明显，变异系数分别为31.49%、30.44%、27.50%,横纵径比、果形指数、伸长率、圆球度的变异系数均小于10%。(2)平欧杂种榛坚果的纵径、横径、侧径及坚果质量、果仁质量、出仁率等指标显著优于毛榛和平榛，其中杂种榛的平均果仁质量(0.70～1.46 g)和出仁率(31.48%～56.12%)显著高于平榛(0.51 g、35.13%)和毛榛(0.37 g、38.12%)。(3)榛子坚果表型性状指标间的相关性分析表明，榛子坚果体积越大，其质量和果仁质量也越大，果壳越薄则出仁率更高。(4)主成分分析结果发现，影响榛子坚果综合得分的主要指标为坚果的纵径、横径、侧径、质量和果仁质量，其次是果形指数、横纵径比、出仁率、果仁饱满...

Analysis of Phenotypic Trait Differences and Synthetical Evaluation of Nut of Different Hazelnut Varieties (Lines) Seedlings under Cadmium Treatment

We used Corylus heterophylla Fisch., C. mandshurica Maxim. et Rupr. and 25 C. heterophylla Fisch. × C. avellana L. strains with good growth, resistance and yield as materials to analyze the appearance quality. 17 appearance quality indexes such as nut length, nut width, nut weight, kernel weight, shell thickness, kernel percent, shell weight, shape index, elongation, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, aspect ratio, surface area, volume, filling index were measured and analyzed. The appearance quality characteristics of the hazelnut strains were comprehensively evaluated by means of analysis of variance, correlation analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The analysis of nut quality is of great significance for the cultivation and screening of hazelnut strains, and which provides a scientific basis for the variety selection, development, processing and utilization of domestic strains of hazelnut. The results showed that: (1) the differences in 17 appearance quality indexes of different hazelnut strains showed significant levels. There were obvious differences in shell weight, volume and nut weight, variability coefficient of which were 31.49%, 30.44%, 27.50%, respectively. The variability coefficients of aspect ratio, shape index, elongation, sphericity were below 10%. (2) The nut length, width, thickness, nut weight, kernel weight, kernel percent of C. heterophylla Fisch. × C. avellana L. strains were better than that of C. heterophylla Fisch., C. mandshurica Maxim. et Rupr. The kernel weight and kernel percent of C. heterophylla Fisch. × C. avellana L. strains were 0.70-1.46 g, 31.48%-56.12%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of C. heterophylla Fisch. (0.51 g and 35.13%), C. mandshurica Maxim. et Rupr. (0.37 g and 38.12%). (3) Results of correlation analysis showed that the larger the volume of nut, the greater its nut weight and the kernel weight. The thinner the shell, the higher the kernel percent. (4) Principal component analysis showed that the main indexes affecting the comprehensive score of nuts were length, width, thickness, nut weight, kernel weight, followed by shape index, aspect ratio, percent kernel and filling index. According to the comprehensive scores, the comprehensive characters of nuts of 81-7, U3, 85-28, Liaozhen 9, U2, Dawei, Liaozhen 2 and Liaozhen 3 were better.