环境污染对几类水生无脊椎动物内分泌功能扰乱的研究现状

近年来，在环境毒理学这门边缘学科中又诞生了一个新的领域，即环境污染对内分泌功能的扰乱。研究发现，许多人工合成的杀虫剂和工业化合物能够扰乱脊椎动物的内分泌功能，这些化合物也存在于水环境中。近年来，这些环境有机污染物是否对水生无脊椎动物的内分泌功能同样具有扰乱作用成了环境内分泌学这个新领域的热点之一。由于近年来的研究侧重于腔肠动物、轮虫、软体动物、甲壳动物及棘皮动物，因此，本文主要介绍有关环境污染物对这几类水生无脊椎动物内分泌功能扰乱的研究进展。另外，对环境污染对水生无脊椎动物内分泌扰乱这个研究热点的现状以及今后的发展方向进行了评述。在从事环境污染对无脊椎动物内分泌功能影响的研究时，研究者必须意识到无脊椎动物和脊椎动物在内分泌机制上的差异，不可随意地在这两大类动物类群之间互相引伸研究结果。

Current status of environmental endocrine disruption in selected aquatic invertebrates

Endocrine disruption by environmental contaminants has recently emerged as a new subdiscipline of environmental toxicology. Aquatic environments are increasingly contaminated with various anthropogenic chemicals,many of which are capable of disrupting endocrine functions of vertebrates. Where aquatic invertebrates are concerned, most of the recent reports are concerned with the impact of organic xenobiotics on endocrine functions in cnidarians, rotifers, mollusks, crustaceans and echinoderms. This review provides an overview of the current status of this research on endocrine disruption in these invertebrates. Suggestions for future research directions in the field of invertebrate endocrine disruption are also presented. Because of the disparities between the endocrine systems of invertebrates and vertebrates, care must be exercised in extrapolating to invertebrates, particularly the non-deuterostome invertebrates, the results of endocrine disruption studies with vertebrates. It is also inappropriate to suggest that an endocrine disrupting effect in a non-deuterostome invertebrate can be used as a marker to monitor environmental endocrine disruption in vertebrates.