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Identification of a novel insect neuropeptide,CNMa and its receptor
Authors:Sung-Hwan Jung  Jae-Hyuk Lee  Hyo-Seok Chae  Jae Young Seong  Yoonseong Park  Zee-Yong Park  Young-Joon Kim
Institution:1. School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea;2. Laboratory of G Protein Coupled Receptors, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea;3. Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
Abstract:To identify ligands for orphan GPCRs, we searched novel neuropeptide genes in the Drosophila melanogaster genome. Here, we describe CNMa, a novel cyclic neuropeptide that is a highly potent and selective agonist for the orphan GPCR, CG33696 (CNMaR). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that arthropod species have two paralogous CNMaRs, but many taxa retain only one. Drosophila CNMa potently activates CNMaR-2 from Apis mellifera, suggesting both receptors are functional. Although CNMa is conserved in most arthropods, Lepidoptera lack the CNMa gene. However, they retain the CNMaR gene. Bombyx CNMaR showed low sensitivity to Drosophila CNMa, hinting toward the existence of additional CNMaR ligand(s).
Keywords:G protein-coupled receptor  Orphan GPCR  Drosophila  Bombyx  Neuropeptide
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