Fluorescent heterochromatin staining in primate chromosomes |
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Authors: | J Wienberg R Stanyon |
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Institution: | (1) Inst. of Anthropology and Human Genetics, University of Munich, Richard-Wagner Str. 10/I, W., Germany |
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Abstract: | Recently, in addition to quinacrine staining, fluorochrome techniques have been developed which brilliantly stain other heterochromatic
regions. Two of these staining techniques are Distamycin/DAPI (DA/DAPI) and D287/170. We stained the chromosomes of all species
of great apes and 14 species of primates (48 individuals) using these three fluorochrome techniques. Only african apes and
man show brilliant quinacrine staining while, man and all the great apes show brilliant DA/DAPI staining and only species
belonging to the hominoidea (including the siamang) showed bright D287/170 staining. In the lower primates a medium level
of DA/DAPI fluorescence was found in some species with large amount of pericentromeric heterochromatin. Brilliant DA/DAPI
staining could represent a derived trait linking all great apes and humans, while D287/170 may link all hominoidea.
Fluorochrome staining is believed to be correlated with some satellite DNA sequences. However, data available on the chromosome
location of satellite DNAs in non-human primates were derived from buoyant density fractions resulting in cross hybridization
and now are not considered reliable. Before making any correlation between fluorochrome staining and satellite DNAs in non
human primates there is need of data onin situ hybridization with cloned DNA sequences on primate chromosomes. These data would help clarify the evolution and relationship
of satellite DNAs and heterochromatin in primates. |
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Keywords: | Primates Chromosomes Fluorochromes Evolution Phylogeny Heterochromatin |
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