Recent developments in yeast cell surface display toward extended applications in biotechnology

Yeasts are promising hosts for industrial bio-refinery applications. In yeast cell surface displays, functional proteins, such as cellulases or lipases, are genetically fused to an anchor protein and expressed on the cell surface. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most commonly used yeast for cell surface display. Engineered yeasts have been utilized for a variety of applications, such as bioethanol production, chemicals synthesis, adsorption of environmental pollutants, and protein evolution. Here, we summarize recent developments in yeast cell surface display techniques for bio-refinery applications, including methods using hosts such as Pichia pastoris, Yarrowia lipolytica, and S. cerevisiae, focusing on the characteristics of anchor proteins and applications.