Centaurin-alpha1 is an in vivo phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent GTPase-activating protein for ARF6 that is involved in actin cytoskeleton organization

The ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) 6 small GTPase regulates vesicle trafficking and cytoskeletal actin reorganization. The GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) catalyze the formation of inactive ARF6GDP. Centaurin-alpha1 contains an ARF GAP and two pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, which bind the second messenger phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). Here, we show that centaurin-alpha1 specifically inhibits in vivo GTP loading of ARF6 and redistribution of ARF6 from the endosomal compartment to the plasma membrane, which are indicative of its activation. Centaurin-alpha1 also inhibited cortical actin formation in a PIP3-dependent manner. Moreover, the constitutively active mutant of ARF6, but not that of ARF1, reverses the inhibition of cortical actin formation by centaurin-alpha1. An artificially plasma membrane-targeted centaurin-alpha1 bypasses the requirement of PIP3 for its involvement in ARF6 inactivation, suggesting that PIP3 is required for recruitment of centaurin-alpha1 to the plasma membrane but not for its activity. Together, these data suggest that centaurin-alpha1 negatively regulates ARF6 activity by functioning as an in vivo PIP3-dependent ARF6 GAP.