山东省植被NPP时空分布特征及驱动因素分析

为了解区域生态系统植被生产力的分布规律及其变化对区域生态调控的作用,该研究基于MOD17A3的年NPP数据,采用一元线性回归分析法和Pearson相关系数法等,分析了2000—2014年山东省植被NPP的时空格局变化特征及其气候、人为等因素对其的影响。结果表明:(1) 2000—2014年,山东省植被NPP总体呈上升趋势,年均值为442 gC·m^-2·a^-1,年总量平均值为63.16 TgC。山东省植被NPP空间分布具有明显的分异特征,其中年均NPP 300～400 gC·m^-2·a^-1的面积最大,占总面积的52.28%,分布于山东省西部的绝大部分区域。(2)山东省植被NPP年增加速率平均值为3.29 gC·m-2·a^-1,增加区域占山东省植被总面积的92.63%。其中,极显著增加区域占山东省总面积的16.56%,主要分布在烟台市、青岛市、日照市、临沂市、潍坊市、东营市和滨州市;显著减少和极显著减少的区域占山东省总面积的1.33%,零星分布在山东省东南部和北部黄河三角洲地区。(3)植被NPP受气候变化和人类活动等因素的共同影响,气候因素中降雨的影响最大,城市化随着人类活动的频繁逐渐成为植被NPP变化的重要驱动力。

Temporal-spatial variation characteristics and driving factors of vegetation NPP in Shandong Province

In order to understand the distribution law of regional ecosystem vegetation productivity and its effect on regional ecological regulation, based on the annual net primary productivity(NPP)data of MOD17A3, the method of univariate linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient, etc., were used to analyze spatial and temporal patterns of NPP of vegetation ecosystem in Shandong Province during the past fifteen years from 2000 to 2014 and the effects of climate and human factors. The results were as follows:(1)The average NPP of vegetation in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2014 was 442 gC·m^-2·a^-1, and the total average annual NPP was 63.16 T g C. The vegetation NPP of Shandong Province showed obvious spatial differentiation characteristics, among which the vegetation area of the average NPP 300-400 gC·m^-2·a^-1 was the largest, accounting for 52.28% of the total area, distributed in most of the western part of Shandong Province.(2)The average annual growth rate of NPP in Shandong Province was 3.29 gC·m^-2·a^-1, and the increased area accounting for 92.63% of the total vegetation area in Shandong Province. Among them, the area of extremely significant increase accounted for 16.56% of the total area of Shandong Province, mainly distributed in Yantai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Linyi, Weifang, Dongying and Binzhou cities; The regions with significant decrease and extremely significant decrease accounted for 1.33% of the total area of Shandong Province, and were scattered in the Southeast of Shandong Province and the northern Yellow River delta region.(3)The vegetation NPP was affected by the combined effect of factors such as climate change and human activities. Among climatic factors, the rainfall has the greatest influence. Urbanization gradually becomes an important driving force for vegetation NPP changes with the frequent human activities.