The performance of peat-filled subsurface flow filters treating landfill leachate and municipal wastewater |
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| Authors: | Margit Kõiv Christina Vohla Riho Mõtlep Martin Liira Kalle Kirsimäe Ülo Mander |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 46 Vanemuise Street, Tartu 51014, Estonia;2. Department of Geology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 46 Vanemuise Street, Tartu 51014, Estonia;1. Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India;2. Center for Structural Diffractometry and Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-27, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy;1. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Environmental Health, Water and Health Unit, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland;2. University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;3. Savonia University of Applied Sciences, Engineering, Teaching and Research, P.O. Box 6, FI-70201 Kuopio, Finland;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Electronics & Automation, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz, Spain;2. Department of Project Management, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas s/n, Badajoz, Spain;1. Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Centre for Northern Studies (CEN), Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada;2. Département des sciences de la Terre et de l’atmosphère, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888 succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada;1. Centre for Bioprocess Engineering Research (CeBER), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 8000, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | The main objective of this study was to determine the treatment capacity of well-mineralized peat in vertical and horizontal flow filters designed to reduce phosphorus, nitrogen and organic matter in municipal wastewater from the town of Tapa and landfill leachate in Väätsa, Estonia. Two identically designed onsite experiments were conducted using the following filter systems: (a) a vertical flow (VF) peat filter, (b) a vertical flow peat/ash sediment filter (both materials in equal volumes) followed by a horizontal flow (HF) peat filter. Sphagnum peat and hydrated oil-shale ash (ash sediment) was used. In our experiments, one treated municipal wastewater over 6 months and another treated landfill leachate over 12 months. In both cases, effluent from a conventional treatment (aerated activated sludge treatment) plant was used. The median value of total phosphorus (TP) concentration in Väätsa landfill leachate was 3.4 mg P L?1 and in municipal wastewater from Tapa 4.9 mg P L?1. The reduction of TP in VF peat filters during the first 6 months was 58% and 63%, and in peat/ash sediment filters 94% and 67% for the Tapa experiment and the Väätsa experiment, respectively. Both experiments demonstrated that the P-removal efficiency in VF peat filters begins to decrease after 6 months of operation. The purification efficiency in HF filters fluctuated, and no significant removal of TP was found. In the removal of organic matter (BOD, COD values) and nitrogen, the best results were obtained in VF peat filters. |
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