Factors affecting metal concentrations in reed plants (Phragmites australis) of intertidal marshes in the Scheldt estuary |
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| Authors: | G. Du Laing A.M.K. Van de Moortel W. Moors P. De Grauwe E. Meers F.M.G. Tack M.G. Verloo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33 516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt;2. University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany;3. University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry and Toxicity of Pesticides, 33 516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt;4. University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, 33 516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt;5. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom;6. University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Aquaculture Department (Fish Welfare), 33 516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt;7. Aquavet for Fish Health and Nutrition, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt;8. University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Pathology, 33 516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt;9. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, PR China;10. Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | We aimed to identify the environmental factors which significantly affect metal uptake by reed plants in the intertidal marshes along the river Scheldt. Transfer coefficients, defined as the ratio of metal concentrations in reed stems to the metal contents in specific sediment fractions (i.e. the exchangeable Cd and Zn fraction and total Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb content), were calculated for each sampling site. They were inversely related to the sediment clay and/or organic matter content. Metal mobility and thus plant availability is higher in sediments with a lower clay or organic matter content. Moreover, the plants might actively accumulate in particular essential elements when concentrations in the sediments are rather low, which is the case in sediments low in clay and organic matter contents. Finally, more sandy sediments are expected to be susceptible to occasional oxidation of sulphides, which leads to an increased metal availability. A higher salinity promoted the uptake of Cu, Cr and Zn. |
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