Fever in snails, reflection on a negative result

1. Groups of aquatic snails (Limnaea auricularia) were placed in a temperature gradient and their thermopreferendum measured. 2. Injected with various amounts of killed Escherichia coli, bacterial endotoxin, human interleukin, and prostaglandin E1, E2 and F2 alpha, they did not develop a fever. 3. High doses of prostaglandins were toxic. 4. These results suggest that fever appeared in the course of evolution after the emergence of molluscs and before that of arthropods.