巴戟天应用的名实沿革考

通过对古今文献的分析及实地考查认为:南北朝以前使用之主流巴戟天药材的原植物可能为五味子科植物铁箍散Schisandr a propinqua(Wall.)Baill.var.sinensis Oliv.,药材现称川巴戟或香巴戟;唐代至清末广为运用的品种为归州巴戟天,原植物为茜草科植物四川虎刺Dammacanthus officinarum Huang,药材现称鄂西巴戟天或恩施巴戟天;现今药典收载之巴戟天为清末发展的新品种,其原植物为茜草科植物巴戟天 Morinda officinalis How。

STUDIES ON THE ORIGINAL PLANTS OF THE TRADITIONAL CHINESE DRUG BA-JITIAN RECORDED IN THE HERBALS

Ba-jitian is a traditional drug which has long been used in ChinaAccording to our studies, the Ba-jitian used today in most parts of China andrecorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia has a quite different original plant from thosedescribed in the ancient Chinese herbals. The Ba-jitian commonly used before LiangDynasty (about 500 A. D. ) and recorded in "Ben Chao Jing Ji Zhu" is the root ofSchisandra propinqua (Wall.) Baill. var. sinensis Oliv. Now it is still used in Sichuanprovince and called Chuan-ba-ji. However, the Ba-jitian used between Tang and QingDynasty (from 600 to 1800 A. D. ), which was called Gueizhou-ba-jitian in "ZhengLei Ben Chao" and Ba-jitian in the other herbals, is the root of Damnacanthusofjicinarum Huang. It is used now in the Hubei province and called Exi-ba-jitian. TheBa-jitian recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia is the root of Morinda officinalis How,which has only been used for about 200 years.