病原真菌生态学研究现状及方法

通过形态学、生理生化学及分子生物学等方法鉴定由自然界分离的真菌菌种,构建系统发生树,了解菌种间亲缘关系,评估种间和种内的进化规律,了解真菌与其所处环境的相互关系,是真菌生态学的主要研究目的之一。本文就真菌与自然界和动物宿主的相互关系,环境中真菌的分离和鉴定方法及系统发生学研究及现状进行综述,以期了解致病真菌的生存环境、种类发生、感染途径等,达到尽早控制感染源、探讨致病性及防治疾病传播的目的。

Current status and methods of study on ecology of pathogenic fungi

The identification methods for fungi which are isolated from nature include morphology,physiology and molecular biology.The main purpose for constructing phylogenetic tree is to evaluate the regularity of fungal evolution between interspecies and intraspecies,and to further understand the relationship of fungi and their inhabited environment.In this paper,we focus the topic on the relationship of fungi and their inhabited environment,animal host,on the isolation and identification methods,and on the research status of phylogenetics in pathogenic fungi,in order to understand their survivable environment,phylogeny and infection routes.