Detection of Tannerella forsythia and/or Prevotella intermedia might be useful for microbial predictive markers for the outcome of initial periodontal treatment in Koreans

A proportion of diseased sites in periodontal disease do not respond to the initial treatment, which might be due in part to the presence of specific microbial pathogens. The aim of this study was to clarify the value of microbial screening for predicting the outcome of periodontal treatment in Koreans using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study enrolled 32 adults with periodontal disease. Microbial and clinical examinations were performed at the baseline and after the initial treatment (professional toothbrushing, scaling, and root planing). Subgingival plaque samples were taken from four sites in each subject (total 128 samples). PCR was used to detect the four putative pathogenic bacteria. There was an improvement in the average of each clinical measurement after the initial treatment. However, approximately half of the sites exhibiting bleeding upon probing (BOP) at the baseline still exhibited bleeding after treatment. There was a close association between the presence of BOP and the presence of Tannerella forsythia (formerly Bacteroides forsythus) and/or Prevotella intermedia. Furthermore, the sites harboring both T. forsythia and P. intermedia at the baseline had a poorer response to treatment than the sites where these two species were not detected. Therefore, microbial screening for T. forsythia and P. intermedia might be useful for predicting the treatment outcome in Koreans.