The Biofilm Regulatory Network from Bacillus subtilis: A Structure-Function Analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. European Molecular Biology Laboratory – European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK;2. Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK;3. Department of Haematology, NHS Blood and Transplant Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK;4. NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;5. Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;1. Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Récepteurs-Canaux, Département de Neuroscience, 25, rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France;2. Sanofi, R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, In Vitro Biology, Vitry‐sur‐Seine, France;3. Department of Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland;4. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;5. INSERM, U1151, Université de Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), CNRS, UMR 8253, 160 rue de Vaugirard, F-75015 Paris, France;6. Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3528, Biological NMR and HDX-MS Technological Platform, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France;7. Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada;1. Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;2. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom;3. Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;1. The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China;2. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, People’s Republic of China;3. Research Center of Chinese Medicine/Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine/ the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, People’s Republic of China;4. Engineering Research Center of Protein and Peptide Medicine, Ministry of Education, People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | Bacterial biofilms are notorious for their ability to protect bacteria from environmental challenges, most importantly the action of antibiotics. Bacillus subtilis is an extensively studied model organism used to understand the process of biofilm formation. A complex network of principal regulatory proteins including Spo0A, AbrB, AbbA, Abh, SinR, SinI, SlrR, and RemA, work in concert to transition B. subtilis from the free-swimming planktonic state to the biofilm state. In this review, we explore, connect, and summarize decades worth of structural and biochemical studies that have elucidated this protein signaling network. Since structure dictates function, unraveling aspects of protein molecular mechanisms will allow us to devise ways to exploit critical features of the biofilm regulatory pathway, such as possible therapeutic intervention. This review pools our current knowledge base of B. subtilis biofilm regulatory proteins and highlights potential therapeutic intervention points. |
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| Keywords: | biofilms transition state regulation protein structures |
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