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Multiple cryotherapy applications attenuate oxidative stress following skeletal muscle injury
Authors:Angelina Freitas Siqueira  Amilton Vieira  Gracielle Vieira Ramos  Rita de Cássia Marqueti  Tania de Fátima Salvini  Gustavo Orione Puntel
Institution:1. Physical Therapy Division, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil;2. Physical Education College, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil;3. Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of S?o Carlos, S?o Paulo, Brazil;4. Department of Morphology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Abstract:Objectives: To investigate the effects of multiple cryotherapy applications after muscle injury on markers of oxidative stress.

Methods: Following cryolesion-induced skeletal muscle injury in rats, ice was applied at the injured site for 30?minutes, three times per day, on the day of injury, and for 2 days after injury. To determine the effect of the cryotherapy treatment on markers of oxidative stress, biochemical analyses were performed 3, 7, and 14 days after injury.

Results: Compared with non-treated animals, cryotherapy reduced dichlorofluorescein at 7 and 14 days post-injury and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels at 3 and 7 days post-injury (P?P?>?0.05), whereas non-treated groups demonstrated lower levels than the control group (P?P?P?=?0.92).

Discussion: Cryotherapy reduced the production of reactive oxygen species after muscle injury, resulting in an attenuated response of the antioxidant system. These findings suggest that using multiple cryotherapy applications is efficient to reduce oxidative stress.
Keywords:Oxidative stress  antioxidants  cryotherapy  therapeutics  skeletal muscle  regeneration  physical therapy
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