Effects of exercise and lifestyle intervention on oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease

Objectives: Determine the effects of a 12-month exercise and lifestyle intervention program on changes in plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Methods: A total of 136 stage 3–4 CKD patients were randomized to receive standard nephrological care with (N?=?72) or without (N?=?64) a lifestyle and exercise intervention for 12 months. Plasma total F₂-isoprostanes (IsoP), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), anthropometric and biochemical data were collected at baseline and at 12 months.

Results: There were no significant differences between groups at baseline. There were no significant differences in changes for standard care and lifestyle intervention, respectively, in IsoP (p?=?0.88), GPX (p?=?0.87), or TAC (p?=?0.56). Patients identified as having high IsoP at baseline (>250 pg/mL) had a greater decrease in IsoP with lifestyle intervention compared to standard care; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p?=?0.06). There was no difference in the change in kidney function (eGFR) between standard care and lifestyle intervention (p?=?0.33).

Discussion: Exercise and lifestyle modification in stage 3–4 CKD did not produce changes in systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress over a 12-month period, but patients with high IsoP may benefit most from the addition of intervention to standard care.