河北阳原姜家梁新石器时代遗址头骨非测量性状的观察与研究

本文对河北阳原姜家梁新石器时代遗址头骨进行了非测量性状的观察。选择了在时间和空间上与之相关的12个人群作为研究对比组，求出各对比组之间的平均差异度（MMD）值，以MMD值为基础进行了聚类分析和主坐标分析。结果表明，姜家梁新石器时代居民在非测量性状上有着比较明显的特点：既与其它某些人群（特别是与贝加尔人群、华北组）有着某种联系，但现在还没有证据说明这种联系的密切程度以及是何种方式的联系；同时，姜家梁组可能是因为还存在着某些独立的特征（比如其较高的或者较低的非测量性状特征），使之不能完全地归入到某种人群中去。我们期待从这一地区及其周邻地区发现更多的古人骨材料，以期从研究中得出更细致的结论。

THE OBSERVATION AND INVESTIGATION OF THE SKULLS OF JIANGJIALIANG NEOLITHIC AGE SITE IN YANGYUAN,HEBEI WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NONMETRIC CRANIAL TRAITS

The skulls of Jiangjialiang Neolithic site in Yangyuan, Hebei were studied. Twelve popula- tion (Weidun, Lijiashan, Taiyuan, Northern Chinese, Hokkaido Ainu, Japanese Jomon, Asian Eskimo, Ekven, Amur, Mongolian, Buryat and Neolithic Baikalian) were compared with Jiangjialiang material. The results of comparisons were shown in Table 3, Figwes 3 —5. MMDs of them were calculated on the basis of 11 nonmetric cranial traits. Cluster and principal coordinate analysis based on MMDs showed that Jiangjialiang group has closer relation with some groups especially such as Baikal group and Northern Chinese. However, we still have no evidence to explain the further relation between them and the cause of the relation. Jiangjialiang group perhaps has some own characters which make it out of the other groups. So, we hope to find the more ancient bony materials to make a more refined conclusion.