早期妊娠妇女人工流产的因素调查

目的：了解早期妊娠行人工流产妇女的人群特征，探讨导致妇女人工流产的相关因素，为减少非意愿妊娠提供干预依据。方法：采用整群抽样方法，对丰台区四家二级医院计划生育门诊同期行人工流产的妇女进行问卷调查。结果：共回收调查问卷4381份。调查对象中，平均年龄26岁（16．54岁），本市户籍占26．8％，外地户籍73．2％；已婚65．33％，未婚34．67％；文化程度初、高中占62．5％；职业列前三位的分别是服务员23．5％、公司职员18．2％、个体工商户10．5％；重复流产为37-3％。非意愿妊娠占83．24％，，非意愿妊娠的原因，39．53％是未避孕，43．71％为避孕失败，而避孕失败的原因中又以避孕套避孕失败居首；意愿妊娠占Ⅲ6．7鹞％，最终选择终止妊娠的原因分别为个人工作因素、情感因素及优生考虑。结论i为降低l妇女非意愿妊娠及重复流产率，对育龄妇女，尤其是流动、未婚人群，需广泛开展性健康教育及避孕方式知情选择，加强避孕知识以及人工流产危害的宣教，指导避孕方法的正确使用，同时，各级医院亟待开展流产后服务。

Factors of Abortion in Early Pregnant Women

ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the population characteristics of early pregnancy abortion women in Fengtai District and to explore related factors leading to abortion of women and to provide foundation for reducing unwanted pregnancy. Methods Cluster sarg- piing method was used. The survey was carded out in abortion concomitant women from four Planned Parenthood outpatients of Sec- ondary hospitals in Fengtai District. Result： 4381 copies of the questionnaire were returned. The average age of 26 years （16-54 years old）, the city residence accounted for 26.8%, while the foreign household registration was 73.2%; Married 65.33%, unmarried 34.67%; Education level, high school 62.5%; The top three careers are are the waiter （23.5%）, the company staff （18.2%）, individual industrial and commercial households （10.5%）; Repeat abortions was 37.3%. The unwanted pregnancy accounted for 83.24%. 39.53% without con- traception, 43.71% failed contraception, and condom contraceptive failure turned topped. Wishing pregnancy accounted for 1.76%. Final choices oftennination of pregnancy were individual factors, emotional factors and eugenic considerations. Conclusion： To reduce women unintended pregnancy and repeated abortion rate, sexual health education and contraception informed choice should be extended in women of childbearing age, especially the flow of unmarried people. Knowledge of contraception and abortion harm missionary must be en- hanced and the proper use of contraceptive methods must be guided. And at the same time, health care workers urgent to carry out post-abortion services in all-level hospitals.