SUMO modification of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-25K |
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Authors: | Pichler Andrea Knipscheer Puck Oberhofer Edith van Dijk Willem J Körner Roman Olsen Jesper Velgaard Jentsch Stefan Melchior Frauke Sixma Titia K |
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Institution: | University of G?ttingen, Department of Biochemistry I, Humboldt Allee 23, 37073 G?ttingen, Germany. |
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Abstract: | Post-translational modification with small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) alters the function of many proteins, but the molecular mechanisms and consequences of this modification are still poorly defined. During a screen for novel SUMO1 targets, we identified the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-25K (Hip2). SUMO attachment severely impairs E2-25K ubiquitin thioester and unanchored ubiquitin chain formation in vitro. Crystal structures of E2-25K(1-155) and of the E2-25K(1-155)-SUMO conjugate (E2-25K(*)SUMO) indicate that SUMO attachment interferes with E1 interaction through its location on the N-terminal helix. The SUMO acceptor site in E2-25K, Lys14, does not conform to the consensus site found in most SUMO targets (PsiKXE), and functions only in the context of an alpha-helix. In contrast, adjacent SUMO consensus sites are modified only when in unstructured peptides. The demonstration that secondary structure elements are part of SUMO attachment signals could contribute to a better prediction of SUMO targets. |
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