Early signs of disruption of wheat anther development associated with the induction of male sterility by meiotic-stage water deficit |
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Authors: | Sylvie Lalonde Dwight U Beebe H S Saini |
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Institution: | (1) Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 rue Sherbrooke est, Montréal H1X 2B2, Canada tel. +1–514–872–0272; fax +1–514–872–9406; e-mail Sainih@ere.umontreal.ca, CA |
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Abstract: | Water deficit during meiosis in microspore mother cells of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) induces male sterility, which reduces grain yield. In plants stressed during meiosis and then re-watered, division of
microspore mother cells seems to proceed normally, but subsequent pollen development is arrested. Stress-affected anthers
generally lack starch. We employed light microscopy in conjunction with histochemistry to compare the developmental anatomy
of water-stress-affected and normal anthers. The earliest effects of stress, detectable between meiosis and young microspore
stages, were the degeneration of meiocytes, loss of orientation of the reproductive cells, and abnormal vacuolization of tapetal
cells. Other effects observed during subsequent developmental stages were deposition of starch in the connective tissue where
it is normally not present, hypertrophy of the middle layer or endothecial cells, and deposition of sporopollenin-like substances
in the anther loculus. The resulting pollen grains lacked both starch and intine. These results suggest that abnormal degeneration
of the tapetum in water-stressed anthers coupled with a loss of orientation of the reproductive cells could be part of early
events leading to abortion of microspores.
Received: 19 July 1996 / Revision accepted: 6 November 1996 |
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Keywords: | Male sterility Starch Triticum aestivum Water stress Anther Pollen |
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