碱蓬对不同盐度富营养化模拟海水的净化效应及其生长特性

研究了碱蓬﹝Suaeda glauca (Bunge) Bunge﹞对不同盐度(质量浓度8、16和24 g·L-1NaCl)富营养化模拟海水中总氮( TN)和总磷( TP)的净化效果,并对碱蓬生长及其不同部位TN和TP的含量和积累量进行了研究。结果表明：碱蓬在质量浓度8、16和24 g·L-1 NaCl富营养化模拟海水中均生长良好。随处理时间的延长,种植碱蓬后不同盐度富营养化模拟海水中TN和TP浓度均逐渐降低,TN和TP去除率均逐渐升高,其中在质量浓度16 g·L-1 NaCl富营养化模拟海水中TN和TP去除率最高。处理25 d,在质量浓度16 g·L-1 NaCl富营养化模拟海水中碱蓬单株鲜质量、单株干质量和株高的增量以及平均须根长均最大,单株总干质量最高,均显著高于其他2个处理组；质量浓度16 g·L-1 NaCl富营养化模拟海水中碱蓬单株叶、茎和根中的TN和TP积累量明显高于其他2个处理组,而单株种子中的TN和TP积累量则随着NaCl质量浓度提高而降低。研究结果显示：作为在滨海盐渍化土壤中生长的一年生优势物种,碱蓬可以有效地对有一定盐度的富营养化水体进行生物修复,具有对滩涂养殖废水进行生物改良和修复的潜力。

Purification effect of Suaeda glauca on eutrophic simulated seawater with different salt concentrations and its growth character

Purification effect of Suaeda glauca ( Bunge ) Bunge on total nitrogen ( TN ) and total phosphorus ( TP) in eutrophic simulated seawater with different salt concentrations ( mass concentration 8, 16 and 24 g·L-1 NaCl) was researched, and growth of S. glauca and contents and accumulations of TN and TP in its different parts were also studied. The results show that S. glauca grows well in eutrophic simulated seawater with mass concentration 8, 16 and 24 g · L-1 NaCl. With prolonging of treatment time, concentrations of TN and TP in eutrophic simulated seawater with different salt concentrations after planting S. glauca decrease gradually, removal rates of TN and TP increase gradually, in which, removal rates of TN and TP in eutrophic simulated seawater with mass concentration 16 g · L-1 NaCl are the highest. Treating for 25 d, in eutrophic simulated seawater with mass concentration 16 g · L-1 NaCl, increments of fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant and plant height, and average length of fibre of S. glauca are the largest, total dry weight per plant is the highest, and all are significantly higher than those of other two treatment groups; accumulations of TN and TP in leaf, stem and root per plant of S. glauca in eutrophic simulated seawater with mass concentration 16g·L-1 NaCl are obviously higher than those of other two treatment groups, while those in seed per plant decrease with enhancing of NaCl mass concentration. It is suggested that as annual dominant species growing in coastal saline soil, S. glauca can be used for bioremediation of eutrophic water with a certain salinity, and has potential of biological improvement and remediation of tidal flat aquaculture wastewater.