甘肃兴隆山主要森林类型凋落物累积量及持水特性

2010年,采用野外实地观测与室内浸水法,对甘肃兴隆山6种主要森林类型(青杆林、青杆-白桦林、山杨-白桦林、灌丛林、落叶松林、油松林)林下凋落物的累积量、持水量、持水率和吸水速率进行了研究.结果表明:不同森林类型凋落物层累积量在13.40～46.32 t·hm-2,为油松林＞青杆-白桦林＞落叶松林＞青杆林＞灌丛林＞山杨-白桦林,且针叶林累积量高于阔叶林;半分解层累积量所占比例均高于未分解层.凋落物最大持水率为185.5％～303.6％,落叶松林最大,油松林最小,持水率与浸水时间呈对数关系;针叶林未分解层持水率均小于半分解层,而阔叶林则相反.凋落物最大持水量在3.94～8.59 mm,为油松林＞落叶松林＞青杆-白桦林＞青杆林＞灌丛林＞山杨-白桦林;持水量与浸水时间存在对数关系;半分解层持水量均大于未分解层.凋落物吸水速率与浸水时间存在幂函数关系,在浸水前1h内,吸水速率均直线下降,而浸水1.0h后吸水速率较小,且不同时段间变化较小;半分解层吸水速率高于未分解层.凋落物有效拦蓄量(深)为青杆-白桦林(5.97 mm)＞油松林(5.59 mm)＞落叶松林(5.46 mm)＞青杆林(4.30 mm)＞灌丛林(3.03 mm)＞山杨-白桦林(2.13 mm).

Water-holding characteristics and accumulation amount of the litters under main forest types in Xinglong Mountain of Gansu, Northwest China

By the methods of field survey and laboratory soaking extraction, an investigation was conducted on the accumulation amount, water-holding capacity, water-holding rate, and water-absorption rate of the litters under six main forests (Picea wilsonii forest, P. wilsonii - Betula platyphlla forest, Populus davidiana - B. platyphlla forest, Cotonester multiglorus - Rosa xanthina shrubs, Pinus tabulaeformis forest, and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest) in Xinglong Mountain of Gansu. The accumulation amount of ...