无眼动条件下中文阅读的研究

设计了计算机控制的中文阅读材料的不同显示方式,并对各种阅读过程中的徙动波形进行记录和分析。实验结果表明,无眼动的阅读速度较正常有眼动高,分别为853字/分和640字/分。通过固定窗口显示方式和知动窗口显示方式条件下中文阅读的比较,排除了强迫阅读的因素,说明有无眼动是产生阅读速度差异的主要原因;根据以上实验结果,可得出结论,在有眼动的情况下,除了saccade抑制影响阅读和识别外,主要的因素在于高级中枢对位置信号的处理,眼动的驱动控制及运动过程影响了高级中枢对阅读内容和识别内容的解码速率。无眼动阅读的速度主要受到高级中枢解码速率和记忆的影响,而不是周边视觉系统的限制。实验结果还表明,在无眼动的情况下,周边信息对阅读不仅不起帮助作用,反而起到干扰作用。

STUDY ON READING OF CHINESE TEXTS WITHOUT EYE MOVEMENTS

Eye movements were recorded and analyzed when subjects read Chinese texts displayed in different modes. It was found that, when reading materials displayed in a fixed window on a computer screen so that there was little if any eye movements, reading rate was higher than that of normal reading, in which eye movements were indispensable. The comparison of reading rate in fixed window display mode and moving window display mode showed that it was not the compulsory effect of the display mode, but the nonexistence of eye movements that determined the superiority of reading without eye movements. Based on these results, it was concluded that in conditions where eye movements are needed, besides saccadic suppression, the higher central system must calculate and control the eye movements, which affects its capacity to process the text information. When the eye movements are bypassed, the reading rate is limited by the decoding rate of high central level, not by visual input system. It was also showed that availability of parafoveal information was not critical in reading in such conditions.