植物源和土壤有机质源土壤呼吸组分的拆分原理、方法与应用进展

区分土壤呼吸组分并揭示其与环境因素的相关关系，对于准确评估土壤碳过程及其环境影响机制至关重要。根据底物来源和作用机制的差异，土壤呼吸主要包括根系呼吸、根际微生物呼吸、凋落物分解、自然条件下和激发效应下土壤有机质（SOM）分解。现有土壤呼吸组分拆分方法可以分为基于植物源CO₂测定或土壤有机质源CO₂测定的差分拆分方法，以及基于土壤呼吸组分同位素信号差异的拆分方法。土壤呼吸组分拆分研究可以解决不同土壤呼吸组分对环境变化的响应机制、植物光合碳输入与地下土壤呼吸组分的交互作用、土壤呼吸组分变化对土壤碳库周转的影响机制等科学问题，但其理论假设、观测技术方法、潜在的误差来源等仍需要继续关注并系统研究。

Progress in theory, methods and application for partitioning of soil respiration into plant-derived and soil organic matter-derived components

It is important to accurately evaluate soil carbon processes and their environmental impact mechanism that partition soil respiration components and discover the response of different components to environmental factors. According to the differences of substrate source and mechanism, soil respiration mainly includes root respiration, rhizosphere microbial respiration, litter decomposition, soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition under the natural conditions and excitation effect. The methods for partitioning soil respiration components can be divided into three kinds, differential partitioning method based on plant-derived CO₂ measurement or SOM-derived CO₂ measurement and the method for partitioning soil respiration components based on the difference of isotopic signals among soil respiration components. The study of partitioning soil respiration components can solve importantly scientific questions, such as the response mechanism of different soil respiration components to the environmental change, the interaction between plant photosynthetic carbon input and soil respiration components, and the influence mechanism of changes in soil respiration components on soil carbon turnover. However, they are still needed to be paid more attention and systematically studied, e.g., the theoretical basis, observation methods and potential error for partitioning soil respiration components.