Influence of repeated exposure to rapidly developing hypoxaemia on the arousal and cardiopulmonary response to rapidly developing hypoxaemia in lambs

Experiments were done on four lambs to determine if repeated exposure to rapidly developing hypoxaemia influences the cardiopulmonary and arousal response from sleep. Each lamb was anaesthetized and instrumented for sleep staging and measurements of arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation. No sooner than three days after surgery, measurements were made in quiet sleep and active sleep during control periods when the animal was breathing 21% oxygen and during experimental periods of rapidly developing hypoxaemia when the animal was breathing 5% oxygen for approximately 100 epochs of sleep. Arousal occurred from both sleep states during rapidly developing hypoxaemia but was delayed in active sleep compared to quiet sleep. The time to arousal and the decrease in arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation were significantly increased with repeated exposure to rapidly developing hypoxaemia during both quiet sleep and active sleep. Thus, our data provide evidence that repeated exposure to rapidly developing hypoxaemia produces an arousal response decrement in lambs. Since it is possible that alterations in the arousal response to respiratory stimuli play a role in sudden infant death, studies to investigate the mechanism of the arousal response decrement following repeated exposure to rapidly developing hypoxaemia are warranted.