Nuclear grooves in normal and abnormal cervical smears

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the frequency of nuclear grooves in intermediate squamous cells in cervical smears is related to inflammatory or neoplastic events. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty benign and 40 neoplastic, nonatrophic cervical smears, collected by conventional methods and stained by Papanicolaou stain, were selected for this study. Twenty smears of the benign cohort showed evidence of inflammation. The neoplastic cohort comprised 20 smears representative of low grade and 20 of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL and HSIL, respectively), with 50% in each group showing evidence of inflammation. The patients, of mixed ethnic backgrounds, were between 18 and 45 years of age. The frequency of nuclear grooves in 100 morphologically benign intermediate squamous cells were determined in each case. The results were evaluated by statistical analysis. RESULTS: The study established that the presence of inflammation had no impact on the frequency of nuclear grooves in benign intermediate squamous cells in either benign or neoplastic smears. When compared with benign smears, there was no increase in the frequency of nuclear grooves in LSIL. Smears of HSIL showed the highest frequency of nuclear grooves. The difference between HSIL and other groups was statistically significant (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The frequency of nuclear grooves in either normal or neoplastic smears is unrelated to inflammation. In smears with neoplastic changes, an increase in grooved nuclei occurred in HSIL. The mechanism and significance of this observation are unknown and warrant further study.