东北地区芦苇植硅体形态的空间差异

笔者对东北地区12个样点的芦苇叶片的植硅体进行了分析,探讨了芦苇植硅体在空间上的分布规律,揭示芦苇植硅体的环境指示意义,为定量恢复古环境提供参考。实验结果表明:12个样点中芦苇植硅体基本类型相同,共有5种主要植硅体类型,即中鞍型、帽型、芦苇扇型、尖型和棒型;但芦苇植硅体的浓度随着纬度的变化而相应的发生变化。总体来说,纬度较低的样点芦苇植硅体的浓度较大,而纬度较高的样点芦苇植硅体的浓度相对较小;随着纬度的变化,芦苇的特征植硅体中鞍型的浓度也呈现波状变化,牡丹江以南的几个样点中鞍型植硅体浓度相对较大,9、10两个月牡丹江以北的几个样点中鞍型植硅体浓度迅速减少。芦苇扇型植硅体则呈现出纬度较高的样点植硅体浓度较大,纬度较低的样点植硅体浓度较小的特点,芦苇扇型植硅体的空间变化规律与扇型植硅体的不同。

THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHRAGMITES COMMUNIS PHYTOLITHS FROM NORTHEAST CHINA

Phytolith analysis is an important method in the reconstruction of paleoenvironment. The leave of Phragmites communis in twelve sites in Northeast China is chosen to analyze phytolith in this paper.The results show that the phytolith assemblages in all sites are similar. Middle saddle, rondel, Phragmites communis bulliform phytoliths, lanceolate and elongate phytoliths are dominant. The concentrations of Phragmites communis phytoliths are relatively large at lower latitude sample sites but small concentrations at higher latitude. The concentrations of saddle phytoliths are relative large at the sites to the south of Harbin. In the sites from Mudanjiang to Nehe, the concentrations of saddle phytoliths decrease quickly in September and October. The bulliform phytolith has a large concentration at the sites with the low temperature shows that middle saddle and bulliform phytoliths from Phragmites communis are sensitive to the temperature change.