16S rRNA sequences reveal uncultured inhabitants of a well-studied thermal community

Abstract Molecular methods are beginning to reveal inhabitants of natural microbial communities which have nerver before been cultured. Our approach involves selective cloning of naturally occurring 16S rRNA sequences as cDNA, and comparison of these sequences to a database which includes 16S rRNA sequences of isolated community members. We provide here an overview of the method and its potential for community analysis. A 16S rRNA sequence retrieved from the well-studied hot spring cyanobacterial mat in Octopus Spring (Yellowstone National Park) is shown as an example of one contributed by an uncultured member of the community.