浙江天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林主要组成种的种群结构及更新类型

 以浙江天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林为对象，应用永久样方法和每木调查法调查了群落种类组成和结构，并对主要组成种的种群结构进行了分析。依据胸径级频率分布的形状，将各树种的种群结构归纳为5种类型，并结合生物学、生态学特征，分别讨论了其更新类型，同时对调查群落所处的演替阶段进行了诊断。结果表明：1）群落为6种共优势群落，出现木本植物69种。2）种群结构为单峰型的马尾松（Pinus massoniana）、枫香（Liquidambar formosana）和檫木（Sassafras tzumu）等为阳性高大乔木，无正常更新能力，更新类型是先锋群落优势种或是顶极性先锋种；间歇型的木荷（Schima superba）、黑山山矾（Symplocos heishanensis）和红楠（Machilus thunbergii）等为具有耐荫性的常绿阔叶树种，更新具有波动性和机会性，是演替系列或顶极群落优势种；逆-J字型的米槠（Castanopsis carlesii）、栲树（Castanopsis fargesii）和长叶石栎（Lithocarpus harlandii）等为强耐荫性的常绿阔叶树种，通过幼苗库和根萌生枝进行更新，是顶极群落的优势种；浙江新木姜子（Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis）、厚皮香（Ternstroemia gymnanthera）等为L字型；连蕊茶（Camellia fraternna）、老鼠矢（Symplocos stellaris）等为单柱型，此二型是群落亚乔木层和灌木层的主要组成种。3）调查群落已进入演替的顶极阶段，但仍处于其前期，将进一步向以米槠、栲树为主要优势种的方向发展。

POPULATION STRUCTURE AND REGENERATION TYPES OF DOMINANT SPECIES IN AN EVERGREEN BROADLEAVED FOREST IN TIANTONG NATIONAL FOREST PARK,ZHEJIANG PROVINCE,EASTERN CHINA

This study was carried out in the evergreen broad-leaved forest of Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang Province, China. We identified and measured all trees in quadrats established in the forest to quantify the community structure of the forest. The population structures of the different tree species were categorized into five regeneration types based on their size-class frequency distribution patterns: Unimodal, Sporadic (multimodal), Inverse-J, L and Unibar type. The population size structure of a species reflects the biological and ecological characteristics of that species. The forest community was comprised of 69 tree species with six co-dominant species. Unimodal type species, such as Pinus massoniana, Liquidambar formosana, Sassafras tzumu etc., are shade intolerant, pioneer species or long-lived pioneer emergent trees which only regenerate on the bare ground following severe disturbances or in very large canopy gaps. Sporadic (multimodal) type species, such as Schima superba, Symplocos heishanensis, Machilus thunbergii etc., were late seral stage species that regenerate in large gaps and have intermediate shade-tolerance. Inverse-J type species, such as Castanopsis carlesii, C. fargesii, Lithocarpus harlandii etc., are shade tolerant, climax forest species that can regenerate through seedling bank or sprouting under the closed forest canopy. L type species, such as Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis, Ternstroemia gymnanthera etc., and Unibar type species, such as Camellia fraternna, Symplocos stellaris etc., are understory, shade tolerant shrubs and treelets. The successional stage of the forest was classified as a late seral stage community that would develop into a climax community dominated by Castanopsis carlesii and C. fargesii.