昆阳磷矿不同植被恢复模式对土壤理化性质和细菌群落的影响

土壤微生物在物质循环过程中具有重要作用且对环境变化敏感，是衡量土壤质量的重要指标．在恢复生态学研究中具有重要意义。为探究不同植被恢复模式对土壤理化性质和细菌群落的影响以及土壤细菌群落差异的原因，本研究以云南省昆阳磷矿为研究对象，运用PCR-DGGE技术和理化指标测定分析了三种植被恢复模式（芒草丛、旱冬瓜藏柏麻栎混交林、藏柏旱冬瓜混交林）下土壤细菌群落多样性、物种组成及土壤理化性质。结果表明：（1）植被恢复有助于改善土壤养分，不同植被恢复模式下土壤理化性质以及细菌群落多样性和物种组成均存在差异。（2）土壤细菌多样性与植被恢复模式之间具有显著相关性，但与土壤理化指标均无显著相关性。（3）土壤细菌群落物种组成与土壤碱解氮含量以及植被恢复模式间具有极显著相关性，与其他土壤理化指标间无显著相关性。本研究表明磷矿区不同植被恢复模式下土壤理化性质和细菌群落均具有差异，土壤细菌群落多样性差异的主要原因为植被恢复模式不同，物种组成差异的主要原因为土壤碱解氮含量不同，其次为植被恢复模式不同。

Effects of Different Re-vegetation Patterns on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Community in Kunyang Phosphate-mine

Soil microorganisms are applied to evaluate soil quality and significant in restoration ecology for their important roles on nutrient cycle and sensitivity to environment changes. To investigate the effects of revegetation pattern on soil physicochemical properties and soil bacterial community and the reasons for soil bacterial community discrepancy, the soils of three re-vegetation patterns （ grass of Miscanthus sinensis, the mixed forest of Alnus nepalensis, Cupressus torulosa and Quercus acutissima, the mixed forest of Cupressus torulosa and Alnus nepalensis ） in Kunyang phosphate-mine, near Kunming, Yunnan province of China were studied. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） and soil physicochemical indices were used to analyze soil bacterial communities （diversity and species composition） and soil physicochemical properties. The results indicated that re-vegetation contributed to soil nutrients and soil physicochemical properties were different in these three patterns. As for soil bacteria/community, the diversity and species composition varied in different patterns. Pearson correlation showed that soil bacterial community diversity was correlated with re-vegetation pattern significantly but not with any soil physico- chemical properties deternlined in this research. Soil bacterial species composition was strongly correlated with soil available nitrogen and re-vegetation pattern but no others through Canonical Correspondence Analysis （CCA）. It is concluded that both soil physieochemieal properties and bacteria/community （diversity and species composition） vary in different re-vegetation patterns and the reason for diversity difference is re-vegetation pattern while the affecting factors of soil bacterial community composition are soil available nitrogen and re-vegetation pattern orderly.