西双版纳传统利用的野生药食两用植物

2010年3月至2011年7月对西双版纳少数民族传统利用的药食两用植物进行民族植物学调查，通过访谈和野外调查工作，收集并记录了关于当地社区传统利用药食两用植物的传统知识以及其他相关信息，并选择了其中20种植物进行抗菌活性的筛选。共调查统计了43科95种西双版纳传统利用的药食两用植物，从分类学角度来看，以茄科（6种）和唇形科（6种）最多，其中草本植物占了最大比例，为49．5％。对其中20种植物的抗菌活性筛选结果显示，只有马蓝（Baphicacanthus cusia）和旋花茄（Sola-humspirale）对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑菌活性。从调查中可以看出：药食两用植物的利用在当地人的日常生活中仍占有相当重要的分量。但随着近年来经济快速发展导致的传统知识的急剧流失和森林的大面积砍伐，很多植物已经逐渐从人们的生活中淡出．如何保护这些传统知识并使其能够可持续发展下去是一个值得思考的问题。

A Preliminary Study of Traditional,Wild Medicinal,Edible Plants in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan, China

An ethnobotanical study was conducted through interview and field work during 2010. 3-2011.7 to deter mine the wild medicine-food plants used by the local people of Xishuangbanna, southwest Yunnan, China. All infor mation provided on the uses of medicine-food plants by local communities was documented. In addition, the disk dif fusion method was used to test the antibacterial activities of some plants. A total of 95 plant species belonging to 43 families were reported as medicine-food plants, with Solanaceae （6 species） and Lamiaceae （6 species） being the most represented families. Most plants used were herbs （49. 5% ） , of which 20 were screened for antibacterial activities. Baphicacanthus cusia and Solanum spirale showed moderate antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus au reus. Our interviews revealed that in the study area wild plants are still commonly used for food and medicinal purposesby people in their daily lives. However, there is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge about these plants due to a decline in inter-generational transmission of knowledge. Loss of this precious knowledge is a major concern.